Gallienus. AD 253-268. Antoninianus 22mm, 3.17 g. Antioch

Emperor Gallienus (AD 253–268) ruled during one of the most turbulent periods in Roman history, known as the Crisis of the Third Century. Initially co-ruler with his father Valerian, Gallienus became sole emperor after his father was captured by the Persians in AD 260.

Despite facing numerous rebellions and invasions, Gallienus managed to stabilize parts of the empire and introduced important military reforms, such as creating a more mobile cavalry force. He also encouraged a flourishing of art and culture, reflected in the elegant designs of his antoniniani and medallions. Gallienus’ coinage often features gods and goddesses, especially Sol, Apollo, and Diana, symbolizing divine protection during uncertain times.